Benzene Trade Analysis
- Satit Vaewvichit
- Oct 31
- 2 min read
Updated: Nov 11
Global Benzene Trade Analysis Summary
Benzene trade in 2015–2024 featured persistent surpluses in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, steady but moderating contributions from Central & Eastern Europe and South America, and small oscillations in Africa. North America and Western Europe remained deficit regions with mid‑period narrowing followed by renewed shortfalls late in the period, while Northeast Asia’s shift to a large and escalating deficit marked a major transition. The Middle East’s swing from early surplus to multi‑year deficits and then a slim surplus in 2024 added a notable reversal, and Oceania had no trade over the entire horizon.
Benzene exports from Western Europe were heavily intra‑regional and large in scale, Northeast Asia combined massive intra‑regional benzene exchanges with significant shipments to North America, and Southeast Asia and the Indian Subcontinent focused benzene exports on Northeast Asia and the Middle East, respectively. The Middle East and Central and Eastern Europe concentrated benzene exports on Western Europe, while North and South America mostly supplied the United States.
In 2024, the Western Europe was the central transit region, with the Netherlands, Germany and France acting as the key transit hubs. Origins feeding these hubs included United Kingdom and Poland, while destinations included the United States, Belgium, Portugal and Italy. The Netherlands stood out as the primary hub connecting inward flows from the United Kingdom to outward movements across Western Europe and to North America.
Benzene price range spanned from three hundred eighty-two to one thousand three hundred forty on USD per metric ton, and prices fluctuated with early declines, subsequent recoveries, and later moderation. Regional patterns aligned broadly, with many areas reaching peaks around 2021to 2022, easing in 2023, and showing partial rebounds in 2024.
Globally, benzene trade in 2024 was overwhelmingly reliant on sea transport. Railway and road served as secondary methods, with road accounting for a notable share in Western Europe, Central & Eastern Europe, and Africa, and railway significant in Western and Central & Eastern Europe as well as North America. Other means contributed a notable share in Western Europe and appeared in South America and Central & Eastern Europe at much lower levels.
During 2020-2024, the overall weighted average transportation cost for benzene during this period was 44 USD per metric ton. The average cost was based on weighted average CIF-FOB price differences, which reflects the costs of freight, insurance, port handling, and other ancillary fees associated with bilateral trades between exporting and importing countries.
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